Scorpions are venomous arachnids whose sting can be lethal. However, in nature there is a small mammal that helps control their proliferation: the opossum, a very common marsupial in South America.
These animals with thick dark fur, pink nose, and large ears are characterized by being omnivorous mammals that feed on a wide variety of foods such as nuts, eggs, insects, carrion, and small animals, among others.
Moreover, this mammal about 85 cm in length, inhabits humid environments such as forests and jungles, although it is capable of adapting to other types of ecosystems and relatively arid or considerably cold spaces, which allows them to acquire different tools for their survival.
In fact, opossums, despite trying to avoid confrontation, sometimes have to deter their predators with hisses or growls and even bite if they feel cornered or extremely threatened, although generally, they prefer to flee or play dead instead of attacking.
What are the characteristics of opossums?
1. The most common opossum in South America
Opossums belong to the Didelphidae family, and in South America, the most common species is the white-eared opossum (Didelphis albiventris). It is found from Colombia to Argentina, passing through Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Bolivia. Their presence in urban areas is common, as they seek food and shelter on roofs, pipes, and water tanks.
2. Natural predators of scorpions
These marsupials are generalists and opportunists, so their diet includes fruits, insects, amphibians, small mammals, and even dangerous animals such as snakes and scorpions. Being immune to the toxins of most venomous animals, they can feed on them without suffering consequences. In areas with opossum presence, the number of scorpions can significantly decrease.
3. Immunity to scorpion and snake venom
All species of opossums have a natural defense mechanism against venoms. Their bodies produce a substance called Lethal Toxin Neutralizing Factor (LTNF), which neutralizes toxins from scorpions, snakes, and other venomous animals. This prevents symptoms such as hemorrhages, edemas, and cardiovascular problems.
4. Can they transmit diseases to humans?
Despite their ecological benefits, opossums can carry diseases like leptospirosis through their urine or transmit parasites through their feces. Although there are studies suggesting they can carry the rabies virus, they do not have a high potential for transmission. It is important to avoid direct contact with these animals, as if they feel threatened, they may bite.
5. Safe coexistence with opossums
If an opossum appears near the house, it is best to keep a distance and allow it to continue its way. Feeding them is not recommended, as it can alter their natural behavior and reduce their role in pest control. In case of finding a wounded or dead specimen, authorities should be contacted for proper handling.
Opossums are allies of the ecosystem and help regulate populations of dangerous pests. Their presence is a benefit for the natural balance.
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