The growing concern about the contamination by microplastics led to the implementation of measures to mitigate its impact, such as the incorporation of filters in washing machines. These devices allow to reduce, although not completely eliminate, the release of microfibers coming from synthetic garments during washing.
Clothing made of polyester, nylon, or elastane – fibers derived from petroleum present in almost 60% of new textiles, according to United Nations data – contains tiny plastic fragments up to five millimeters that, when washing clothes, easily disperse in the water. A study from the University of Plymouth (United Kingdom) estimated that a single load of acrylic clothing can release more than 700,000 microfibers, while a load of polyester can emit more than half a million.
A large part of these residues manages to pass through wastewater treatment systems, ending up in rivers and oceans. The first global assessment on the subject, elaborated in 2017 by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), then attributed 35% of marine microplastic emissions to the washing of synthetic textiles. Over time, however, new sources such as tire wear and paints have caused that percentage to be revised downwards, currently estimated between 10% and 15%.
Faced with this scenario, some manufacturers began to offer washing machines equipped with specialized filters or external accessories that capture these particles during washing. These filters, often made with recycled materials, are designed to retain microplastics without contributing to contamination themselves. However, they require careful use and regular maintenance by the consumer.
**La producción textil, como uno de los mayores responsables de los microplásticos**
The General Inspection of Environment and Development of France (IGEDD), in a report published in 2023, warned about the practical limitations of these filters, which require active user participation for their cleaning and correct use. In addition, organizations in the appliance sector point out that their positive environmental impact has not yet been clearly quantified.
Despite the potential of these technologies, experts warn that the true origin of the problem lies in the textile production model. The amount of microfibers released depends on the type of fabric, the garment design, and the material quality. Therefore, they point out that it is necessary to act from the manufacturing phase, promoting eco-design and using less polluting materials.
**[](https://noticiasambientales.com/ciencia/descubren-que-la-goma-de-mascar-es-una-sorprendente-fuente-de-microplasticos/)**
**¿Por qué la industria de la moda es considerada una de las más contaminantes?**
The fashion industry is one of the most polluting in the world, not only due to microplastic pollution but also because it consumes large amounts of water and energy, and generates a lot of waste.
**Consumption of natural resources**
– Textile production consumes a lot of water and land to grow cotton and other fibers.
– The fashion industry is responsible for a large percentage of global water waste.
– Leather production requires large amounts of feed, land, water, and fossil fuels.
**Generation of waste**
– The fashion industry generates millions of tons of plastic and other waste that pollute the air and oceans.
– Every second, an amount of textiles equivalent to a garbage truck is buried or burned.
– Washing synthetic textiles like polyester releases microplastics into the ocean.
**Impact on climate change**
– The fashion industry produces around 10% of the annual carbon footprint.
– Most of the fashion industry’s greenhouse gas emissions come from activities such as raw material production.
To reduce the environmental impact of the fashion industry, you can: buy fewer but higher-quality garments or opt for sustainable brands.
Source: AFP.
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