Climate change could have a key enemy that could help slow it down: a type of common marine algae, with a great capacity to cool the Earth. This finding, led by researchers from the University of East Anglia (UEA) and the Ocean University of China (OUC), highlights the positive impact of Pelagophyceae algae on global climate regulation, a discovery that could transform the understanding of natural processes that mitigate global warming.
Since the Industrial Revolution, global temperatures have risen by 1°C due to greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide and methane. This phenomenon triggered a series of extreme climate events, natural disasters, and habitat alterations. In this sense, National Geographic stated that 2023 was the warmest year on record, marking a concerning trend that intensified over the last decade.
While humanity seeks technological solutions, nature could offer an answer: a marine algae that produces a compound with the ability to cool the climate. The study, published in Nature Microbiology, revealed that Pelagophyceae algae produce large amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). This is a stress-relieving compound that serves as a food source for microorganisms and as a basis for the generation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), known as the “smell of the beach.”
DMS is key in cloud formation. When released into the atmosphere, its oxidation products contribute to the creation of particles that reflect sunlight, effectively reducing land temperature. This natural process, which regulates the climate, highlights the importance of the global sulfur cycle, allowing sulfur from the oceans to return to the Earth’s surface.
Implications of the discovery for cooling the Earth
Professor Jonathan Todd, a study co-author, explained that these algae could play a fundamental role in global climate regulation, as their compounds not only cool the climate but also act as a signaling molecule in marine ecosystems.
In fact, scientists estimate that marine microorganisms generate billions of tons of DMSP annually, helping oceans face challenges such as salinity changes and oxidative stress.
Promising future for algae in the climate fight
This discovery highlights the need for more research on algae and other marine organisms. Furthermore, new possibilities are opening up to use these species in innovative technologies, such as improving solar panel efficiency through organic materials.
Nature continues to show its ability to offer solutions to the climate crisis, and this algae could be an unexpected ally in the global effort to protect the planet.
What is the function of algae in nature?
Algae are aquatic organisms that play a fundamental role on the planet, as they:
- Produce oxygen: Algae are significant oxygen producers, participating in nearly 50% of photosynthesis.
- Absorb CO2: Algae absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
- Form the base of food webs: Algae are the first link in the marine food chain, providing food for fish and other aquatic animals.
- Provide shelter: Algae serve as habitats for thousands of species.
- Help mitigate global warming: Algae contribute to mitigating global warming.
- Are a source of renewable energy: Algae are a potent source of renewable energy, producing organic matter from solar energy.
While algae can cool the Earth, they can also be a nuisance, as their proliferation can negatively impact water quality. This occurs when water is stagnant and rich in nutrients.
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