A study conducted by the University of Maryland revealed that the Tokay gecko possesses an extraordinary ‘sixth sense’ that allows it to detect vibrations in its environment.
This mechanism enables it to anticipate the presence of predators or prey, by picking up signals imperceptible to the human ear or even to its own auditory system.
The functionality of the sixth sense in the Tokay gecko
The research, published in the journal Current Biology, demonstrated that this reptile uses the saccule, a part of the inner ear associated with balance, to perceive frequencies between 50 and 200 hertz. This study offers a new perspective on the evolution of senses in land animals.
The Tokay gecko uses the saccule, a specialized organ in its inner ear, to detect vibrations. Although it was previously believed that this organ only assisted in maintaining balance, scientists discovered that it also picks up low-frequency signals, like those generated by movements on the ground or in water.
Through experiments with electrodes, researchers found that the saccule recorded frequencies that the reptile’s conventional ears couldn’t detect. According to Catherine Carr, a biology professor and co-author of the study, “this ancient internal pathway, usually linked to balance, helps geckos detect vibrations that travel through mediums like the ground or water.”
The evolutionary connection of the saccule and senses
This finding suggests that the ability to pick up vibrations could be an evolutionary trait inherited from aquatic ancestors. Land vertebrates, including humans, would have adapted this sensory system over time. Carr explained that the process can be observed by comparing the auditory system of fish with that of land animals.
Dawei Han, the study’s lead researcher, highlighted the significance of the discovery: “Many reptiles, such as snakes and lizards, have been considered deaf or mute, but they may actually be communicating through vibrational signals using this sensory pathway.” This suggests a form of non-verbal communication that may have gone unnoticed for decades.
Benefits of the sixth sense in the natural environment of the Tokay gecko
The Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko) is a highly adaptable reptile found in tropical forests and urban areas. Its ability to detect vibrations allows it to anticipate nearby movements, such as the approach of predators or the movement of prey, enhancing its chances of survival.
This reptile also plays a relevant ecological role as a pest controller, feeding on insects like mosquitoes and cockroaches.
Although the species is classified as of Least Concern by the IUCN, some local populations face threats due to habitat loss and capture for the pet trade.
Habitat of the Tokay gecko
It is native to Southeast Asia, ranging from northeastern India to Taiwan and the Philippines, and from southeastern Indonesia to southern China, passing through Cambodia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Bangladesh, Thailand, Bhutan, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and parts of Nepal.
Moreover, it is an exceptionally adaptable species that has successfully established itself in human habitat, despite being typical of tropical forests.
In some places, they are considered as a symbol of good fortune. Nowadays, there are introduced populations in southern Florida, Hawaii, Texas, South Water Caye (Belize), and Martinique (and perhaps in Brazil). They are nocturnal in habits.
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