Europe has found a new path towards sustainability by combining solar energy and agriculture in an innovative model known as agrovoltaics. This approach allows the use of agricultural lands not only for food production but also for energy generation, representing a key advancement towards “smart agriculture” and a valuable resource in the fight against climate change.
This method not only optimizes land use but also increases crop efficiency and reduces environmental impact. This concept, dating back to 1981 thanks to Germans Armin Zastrow and Adolf Goetzberger, gained more relevance in the 1990s with yield studies led by Christophe Dupraz. Since then, agrovoltaics has proven to be a comprehensive solution to link agricultural production with renewable energy generation.
In this regard, Germany is carrying out the largest agrovoltaic project on the continent, led by the company SUNfarming GmbH in collaboration with the multi-technical provider SPIE. With a projected capacity of 753 MW, this ambitious initiative will cover 500 hectares spread across eight districts and will mark a milestone in integrating solar energy with agriculture.
Bifacial photovoltaic panels, installed at a minimum height of 2.10 meters, will allow the lands to continue being used for forage crop production and as pastures for livestock. This approach not only maximizes land productivity but also reinforces the commitment to a sustainable agricultural model.
The benefits of agrovoltaic energy. Photo: Provincial Energy Regulatory Entity.
The Future of Energy and Agriculture in Europe
Agrovoltaic energy is not only a tool for optimizing the use of natural resources; it also positions Europe as a leader in energy innovation. This model allows for solar energy production while maintaining and enhancing agricultural activities, from food cultivation to oil production in olive groves.
The German installation, whose construction will begin in 2025 and is expected to start operating in 2026, will mark a before and after in the sector. With the help of transformers and an advanced substation, the generated energy will be integrated into the grid, demonstrating that the coexistence between agriculture and renewable energy is not only possible but also an essential solution for Europe’s sustainable future.
According to Martin Tauschke, co-founder and CEO of SUNfarming, this project represents the joint effort of local farmers and solar energy experts, consolidated after nearly four years of planning and obtaining licenses.
How agrovoltaic energy works. Photo: Provincial Energy Regulatory Entity.
What is Agrovoltaic Energy and What are its Benefits?
Agrovoltaic energy is a technique that involves installing solar panels on farmland to generate energy and protect crops. This technique combines renewable energy generation with sustainable agriculture.
Some of the benefits of agrovoltaic energy include:
- Increased land productivity by 35 to 73%.
- Crop protection, thanks to solar panels that shield them from excessive sunlight, heat, drought, or heavy rainfall.
- Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, as agrovoltaic energy contributes to decreasing greenhouse gas emissions.
- Water savings for irrigation, as the shade from the panels helps keep the land moist, which is optimal for plants.
- Positive impact on the environment, as agrovoltaic energy promotes rural area development and helps conserve and enhance the ecosystem.
This type of energy can be applied in different scenarios, such as in greenhouses or outdoor crops.
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