Geothermal energy is an important energy source that has not yet been properly developed. Although its full range of benefits has not been fully assessed, it is clear that it provides a reliable source of energy that can contribute to Europe’s ecological transition.
In Europe, geothermal energy has significantly untapped potential, and the European Union should take urgent steps to adopt a strategy aimed at harnessing its benefits.
Position of the European Economic and Social Committee (EESC)
In its October Plenary, the EESC adopted a clear position on energy. In an opinion drafted by Zsolt Kükedi and Thomas Kattnig, the Committee emphasizes that geothermal energy production has extremely low greenhouse gas emissions and can play a key role in the EU’s ecological transition, reducing its dependence on fossil fuels and facilitating decarbonization.
Geothermal energy can help achieve the EU’s climate neutrality goals by 2050.
Need for Public Support
The Committee points out that investment in geothermal power plants will not work without financial assistance at the national level. Public funding and incentives will be needed to attract investment and reduce the risk of initial investment. Additionally, it is important to note that changes in energy policy or financing can affect the economic viability of geothermal projects.
The construction of geothermal power plants carries risks, and it is necessary to identify them accurately, especially regarding environmental impacts. It is essential to carry out this process with the involvement of local communities to increase public acceptance.
Environmental and Climate Benefits
The environmental and climate benefits of geothermal energy outweigh the risks, as it is one of the best sources of renewable energy in terms of land use, resource utilization, and import dependency.
Reliable and Versatile Energy Source
Geothermal energy is a constant and reliable source of energy that can help reduce the volatility of the energy system. It is not dependent on weather conditions and can be used to produce heat or electricity continuously, 24 hours a day.
It can be used to generate electricity or store energy, and provide direct heat for multiple uses, such as urban heating, water heating, and industrial processes.
Need for Strategy and Coordination
Although geothermal energy is still not widely developed in Europe, its real potential remains unassessed due to fragmented statistics and insufficient mapping of geothermal resources.
The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) points out that geothermal energy can help stabilize electrical grids, offsetting risks related to the rapid deployment of variable renewable energies.