When thinking about the health of dogs and cats, the first things that usually come to mind are nutrition, vaccines, or treatment of common diseases, however, the skin —and the fur that covers it— also deserves special attention.
The skin not only serves functions of thermal protection, but also reflects the general condition of the animal, both physically and emotionally.
Differences between species: feline skin vs. canine skin
Cat’s skin tends to be more delicate than that of dogs, whose dermis is generally thicker, except for exceptions like the sphynx, which has denser skin.
This difference means that hygiene products should be adapted to each species, avoiding the use of generic shampoos that can cause dermatitis, allergies, or microbial imbalances.
Hygiene and brushing: keys to a healthy coat
Regular brushing is the most effective tool to keep the coat clean, shiny, and tangle-free. Whether it’s short, long, curly, or with dense undercoat, it is recommended to use specific combs or brushes for each type of fur.
- For dogs, bathing is recommended every three or four weeks, using specific products. In winter, it can be less frequent.
- For cats, baths are usually unnecessary as they clean themselves thanks to their rough tongue. However, frequent brushing is essential, especially during shedding seasons, to prevent the formation of hairballs that can cause intestinal obstructions.
Breeds with long fur, such as the maine coon or the persian, require more frequent grooming. It’s ideal to get them used to it from a young age to prevent stress and knot formation.
Seasonal shedding and environmental factors
The shedding of fur is influenced by factors such as temperature and hours of sunlight. In indoor animals, the use of heating can alter natural cycles, prolonging shedding.
It’s important to know that seasonal shedding is not a pathology: if the coat remains thick and shiny, there is no cause for alarm.
Warning signs on the skin
Healthy skin looks and feels good. But when symptoms like itching, pimples, excessive dandruff, redness, or bald patches appear, it’s time to consult a veterinarian.
In cats, bald patches can be the first alert sign. The causes can be infectious (such as scabies or ringworm) or emotional, like stress leading the animal to over-groom. Crusts may also appear, indicative of eosinophilic granuloma, a common inflammatory lesion.
Another common issue is feline acne, which usually manifests on the chin as blackheads. Good hygiene usually resolves it, but if infected, it requires treatment.
The color of the coat also matters
Animals with white or very light fur, both dogs and cats, are more vulnerable to sunlight.
In summer, it’s recommended to avoid exposure during the central hours of the day and apply sunscreen on sensitive areas like the nose and ears. Prolonged exposure can cause burns and, over time, skin carcinomas.
Veterinary check-ups: prevention and early diagnosis
Regular visits to the veterinarian allow for adjusting parasite control according to the region and prevent the spread of fleas, ticks, or other skin parasites.
Moreover, they help detect dermatological issues before they worsen, ensuring a better quality of life for our pets.
Cover photo: IStock
