Current fiscal systems show clear limits in curbing the consumption of sugary and alcoholic beverages. Consequently, these products have become more accessible and their consumption continues to rise in numerous countries.
At the same time, health systems face increasing financial pressure. This occurs because non-communicable diseases and injuries are increasing, which could largely be prevented.
Thus, while the market reaps million-dollar profits, societies bear the long-term health and economic costs.
Low prices, high consumption, and more diseases
The sustained reduction of taxes has made soft drinks and alcohol increasingly cheaper. Therefore, their consumption has expanded especially among children, adolescents, and young people.
This pattern is directly linked to higher rates of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, it is associated with various types of cancer and preventable injuries.
At the same time, the impact is not only individual. Public systems must allocate more resources to treat diseases that could be prevented with stronger fiscal policies.
An unequal fiscal map
Although more than a hundred countries apply taxes on sugary beverages, many high-sugar content products are excluded. Therefore, industrialized juices, sweetened dairy drinks, and ready-to-drink coffees remain accessible.
In the case of alcohol, most countries tax its sale, but the taxes do not keep up with inflation or income increases. Thus, alcohol becomes relatively cheaper over time. This fiscal gap weakens the preventive effect and leaves intact a consumption that impacts collective health.
Health effects and risks during the summer
Sugary beverages promote dehydration and rapidly raise blood glucose levels. Therefore, in summer, they increase the risk of heat strokes, fatigue, and general discomfort.
Alcohol, on the other hand, interferes with the body’s thermal regulation. Additionally, it increases fluid loss and reduces the perception of fatigue and extreme heat.
During the warmer months, these effects intensify. For this reason, specialists recommend avoiding them and prioritizing safe water and sugar-free drinks.
Why experts advise reducing their consumption
Reducing the consumption of these beverages decreases the risk of chronic diseases and improves metabolic health. At the same time, it helps prevent injuries and episodes of violence associated with alcohol.
From a preventive perspective, higher taxes serve as an effective tool to discourage their consumption. Additionally, they generate resources that can be allocated to strengthen health systems.
In this context, evidence shows that combining fiscal policies, clear information, and healthy options is key to protecting public health, especially in summer.
