Obesity is a health problem that affects both humans and animals, and a recent study from the University of Cambridge revealed that one of its causes could be genetic. Researchers found that British Labrador Retrievers have a gene associated with obesity that is also present in humans, suggesting a genetic relationship in predisposition to weight gain.
The study, published in the journal Science, identified the gene DENND1B as the most related to obesity in Labradors. This gene influences a key brain pathway for appetite regulation and energy balance in the body, known as the leptin-melanocortin pathway. Interestingly, this same gene was linked to obesity in humans, reinforcing the theory that genetics can play a determining role in the development of this disease.
Alyce McClellan, lead author of the research, explains that while this gene is not an immediate target for obesity treatments, its discovery highlights the importance of brain pathways in controlling body weight and hunger.
Feeding behavior in dogs predisposed to obesity
In addition to genetic influence, the study analyzed the feeding behavior of Labradors. Researchers noted that dogs at higher risk of obesity showed a more voracious appetite and greater insistence when asking for food from their owners. According to Natalie Wallis, another author of the study, they evaluated how much the dogs bothered their owners for food and if they were more demanding with their diet.
The results were clear: those with a genetic predisposition to obesity showed greater interest in food, a pattern also observed in humans with the same genetic profile. However, owners who rigorously controlled their pets’ diet and exercise managed to avoid overweight, albeit with considerable effort.
Controlling feeding, the key to prevention
Eleanor Raffan, study leader, emphasizes that these findings demonstrate that obesity is not just a matter of willpower, but of genetic predisposition. To reduce the risk in dogs, specialists recommend better distribution of daily portions, using interactive feeders, and selecting more satiating foods.
In humans and dogs, genetics influence the tendency to gain weight, but a balanced diet and an active lifestyle can make a difference in preventing obesity.
Is obesity common in animals?
Yes, obesity is a common problem in many domestic animals, such as dogs, cats, rabbits, and reptiles. In fact, it is estimated that, in developed countries, between 20 and 40% of pets suffer from overweight or obesity, making it the most common nutritional disorder and one of the main health problems.
What is obesity in animals?
Obesity is a disease caused by an excess of adipose tissue in the body. It is the most common nutritional disorder in companion animals that can have serious consequences for the health and quality of life of animals. Among its causes are:
- Overfeeding
- Lack of exercise
- Inadequate diet
- Inappropriate use of energy
- Environmental factors
- Clinical factors
- Nutritional factors
- Genetic factors
How can it be prevented?
- Consult a professional for advice on pet nutrition.
- Provide the pet with a balanced diet.
- Avoid overfeeding the pet.
- Avoid giving human food scraps, which are often high in fats.
- Ensure the pet engages in physical activity.
This disease can lead to abdominal obesity, bulging and hanging belly, while the rest of the body is very lean. Therefore, prevention and treatment of obesity in animals from a young age becomes essential.
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