Researchers from the University of Portsmouth and the Ukrainian Institute of Agricultural Radiology have developed a method to reevaluate the safety of agricultural lands affected by radiation following the Chernobyl nuclear disaster in 1986.
The study, published in the Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, opens up the possibility of recovering extensive regions in northern Ukraine that were prohibited from cultivation for over 30 years.
The exclusion zone and the recovery potential
Since the accident, Ukraine established two restricted areas:
- Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (4,200 km²), an uninhabited territory turned into a nature reserve.
- Mandatory Resettlement Zone (2,000 km²), where thousands of people still live, but without permission to engage in agriculture.
Despite the restrictions, some farmers have resumed cultivation unofficially, and the new study confirms that many areas can safely produce crops.
Scientific validation of safe cultivation
Researchers conducted tests on 100 hectares in the Zhytomyr region, using:
- Soil sample analysis.
- Gamma radiation measurement.
The results demonstrate that:
- The effective radiation dose for agricultural workers falls within safe limits.
- Crops such as potatoes, cereals, corn, and sunflowers can be safely produced if food safety regulations are met.
Impact on food security and rural development
Professor Jim Smith from the University of Portsmouth highlighted that the research could help reclaim up to 20,000 hectares in Ukraine, contributing to food security and rural revitalization.
“This study provides scientific evidence to reintegrate agricultural lands without endangering consumers or workers,” stated Smith.
A model for other radiation-affected areas
Researchers hope that this protocol will serve as a reference for other regions affected by long-term radioactive contamination, ensuring that science and evidence guide the responsible recovery of lands.
